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The relevance of R&D appeared with the entry into force of the Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Subsoil and Subsoil Use" in 2017. Article 212 of the Code stipulates the requirement for mandatory financing of research, scientific and technical and (or) development works in the amount of one per cent of production costs incurred by the subsoil user in the previous year. In this case, the amount of financing of R&D exceeding the established minimum is taken into account against the fulfilment of the corresponding obligations of the subsoil user in the following year. In other words, the subsoil user now has a source of financing that allows it to find the most efficient methods of solving the tasks and objectives arising in the course of the enterprise operation, both in terms of technological processes and environmental protection.
It is also worth noting that initiators of R&D can be legal entities and individuals from different industries and social spheres of society.
The main directions in the sphere of environmental protection and ecology may be as follows:
• scientific assessment and forecast of the state of the environment;
• Development of science-based environmental regulations, standards and requirements;
• justification of integrated and rational use of natural resources;
• development of scientific recommendations to ensure state regulation and management in the field of environmental protection and nature use;
• scientific substantiation, development and implementation of environmentally efficient resource-saving technologies that reduce the negative impact of production activities on environmental protection;
• development of science-based measures to improve, restore, ensure sustainable functioning of natural ecosystems, rational use and reproduction of natural resources;
• assessment of biodiversity of fauna and flora.
In 2020, the company ECOEXPERT LLP received the Certificate of Accreditation as a subject of scientific and scientific-technical activity series MK No006226
Terminology used:
Scientific research applied, fundamental, strategic scientific research carried out by subjects of scientific and (or) scientific-technical activity within the framework of research, experimental design and technological works, by appropriate scientific methods and means in order to achieve the results of scientific and (or) scientific-technical activity.
Scientific and technical activity aimed at obtaining and applying new knowledge in all fields of science, technology and production to solve technological, design, economic, socio-political and other problems, ensuring the functioning of science, technology and production as a unified system, including the development of regulatory and technical documentation required for these studies.
Experimental development work a set of works performed during the creation or modernisation of products, development of design and technological documentation for prototypes, manufacturing and testing of prototypes and useful models.
Report on scientific and (or) scientific-technical activity - a document containing information on the implementation of scientific and (or) scientific-technical work, scientific, scientific-technical, experimental and design, marketing research, as well as information on the feasibility of further planned work or on the result of a completed scientific, scientific-technical project and programme.
Result of scientific and (or) scientific-technical activity - new knowledge or solutions obtained in the course of scientific and (or) scientific-technical activity and recorded on any information carrier, introduction of scientific developments and technologies into production, as well as models, layouts, samples of new products, materials and substances.
Subjects of scientific and (or) scientific-technical activity natural and legal persons carrying out scientific and (or) scientific-technical activity.